The great puppet animator Tadahito Okamoto (岡本 忠成, 1932-90)was at his most prolific during the 1970s, sometimes creating two or even threeshort films per year. The most beautifulof these is Towards the Rainbow (虹に斑って/Niji ni Mukatte, 1977): a story of love conquering all odds. The 18 minute short is adapted from the folk tale Futari ga kaketaHashi (ふたりがかけた橋) by Etsuo Okawa about two younglovers separated by a river.
The story is narrated by screen legend Kyoko Kishida, who lent her voice to numerouspuppet animations by both Okamoto and his friend and colleague KihachiroKawamoto. The story is interwoven withthe music of folk singer Kōhei Oikawa, who adapted the story Futari ga kaketaHashi into song for the film. Okamoto had usedOikawa once before for the music for Praise Be For Small Ills (南無一病息災, 1973).
Okamoto sets the scene with an ancient,creased map of two communities in the mountains that are separated by a fastflowing river. The divided communitiesfeud with each other with the young boys calling names and throwing rocks at eachother across the deep gorge. A younggirl on one side of the river collects flowers which she offers the boys on theother side of the river as a gesture of goodwill, but she is cruelly struckdown by stones. A young boy tries tostop his older peers from continuing to throw stones at her and is struck downhimself.
From that moment on a friendshipblossoms between the girl and boy. Oneday, he brings her a present in a basket which he tries to send to her side ofthe river along a rope, but some boys tear the rope out of her hands and thebasket washes away in the river. Inspite of all these obstacles, their love for each other only grows stronger. When the boy grows into a young man, he bravesthe terrible current of the river with his raft to visit his love on her sideof the river. Their love seemsimpossible for both are bound by responsibilities to their own families andcommunities.
The young man decides to build abridge across the river and sets to work with supporters from hisvillage. However, the river is too strongand knocks the bridge down. In herdistress over the seeming impossibility of their romance, the woman falls intothe river and the young man rescues her. As she lies in shock in his arms, the couple sees a magical display of white cranes forming a bridgeover the river and the woman experiences a vision in which she dances on a rainbow joining the twocommunities. This vision inspires themwith the idea of building a new kind of bridge that does not need a supportbeam. The tale promotes the value of devotion, dedication, and perseverance.
Towards the Rainbow is a truly spectacular stop motion animation. The puppets were handcrafted out of wood andcloth and the misty backgrounds and sets – which are similar to those used inOkamoto’s previous film The Strong Bridge (ちからばし, 1976) – have been made with an eye to historical accuracy. Okamoto is said to have done extensiveresearch about how such bridges were designed and constructed in the period inwhich the film is set. The attention todetail practised by Okamoto and his puppet and art designers can be seen in everything from the men having stubble on their faces after a long day of work to the use ofa professional choreographer to assist with the young woman’s dance on the rainbow inthe dream sequence.
In the opening sequence the young girl is shown picking flowers in afield of higanbana or red spider lilies – which fans of Japanese cinema willrecognize from Yasujiro Ozu’s film Equinox Flower (彼岸花/Higanbana, 1958). Higanbana – which also appear on thecover of the original storybook – usually bloom around the autumn equinox near countrysidegraveyards and are associated withthe journey of the soul into the next world. It is clear that the bridges being built in Towards the Rainbow, are notjust literal but spiritual as well. Thefilm comes full circle, beginning and ending in autumn with the narratordeclaring that the young heroine in her bridal garb is more beautiful than the autumn leaves.
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Director
Tadanari Okamoto 岡本忠成
Original Story
Etsuo Okawa 大川悦生
Screenplay
Kunpei Nagakura 永倉薫平
Yoko Higashikawa 東川洋子
Tadanari Okamoto 岡本忠成
Animation
Seishiro Fujimori 藤森誠代
Hirokazu Minegishi 峰岸裕和
Hiroshi Taisenji 奏泉寺博
Tokiko Ōmukai 大向とき子
Yumiko Yoshida 横田由美子
Art Design
Takashi Komae 小前隆
Masami Tokuyama 徳山正美
Chizuko Makisaka 槇坂千鶴子
Minoru Kujirai 鯨井実
Puppets
Junko Hosaka 保坂純子
Yoshiko Kumahiko 阿彦よし子
Sumie Ishii 石井寿美恵
Cinematography
Minoru Tamura 田村実
Editor
Naoko Aizawa 相沢尚子
Sound
Isamu Koufuji 甲藤勇
Narration
Kyoko Kishida 岸田今日子
Choreography
Saburō Satō 佐藤三郎
Music
(composition/performance)
Kōhei Oikawa 及川恒平
Musicians
Paper Land ペーパーランド
Shuji Honda 本田修二
Makoto Kouda幸田実
Masayuki Nakatomi 中富雅之
Kifu Mitsuhashi 三橋貴風 (shakuhachi)
Credits courtesy of Animations Wiki
Towards the Rainbow won TadanariOkamoto his 5th Noburo Ofuji Award at the 16th Mainichi FilmConcours.
text © Catherine Munroe Hotes 2011
